رابطه ویژگی‌‌های شخصیتی با رضایت از زندگی در سالمندان: نقش میانجی هوش فرهنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

2 گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 گروه روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه مرند، مرند، ایران

چکیده

سالخوردگی جمعیت، یک چالش و مسئله فراگیر اجتماعی و جمعیتی در کشورهای درحال توسعه از جمله ایران، در آینده نزدیک است. عوامل اجتماعی، روانی و رفتاری مختلفی می‌تواند با رضایت از زندگی سالمندان مرتبط باشد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه ویژگی‌های شخصیتی با رضایت از زندگی در سالمندان با میانجیگری هوش فرهنگی انجام شد. روش این پژوهش توصیفی-همبستگی از نوع معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش شامل کلیه سالمندان شهرستان بناب در سال 1400 بود که از میان آنها تعداد 200 نفر ( 100 مرد و 100 زن) به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. شرکت‌کنندگان به پرسشنامه‌‌های ویژگی‌‌های شخصیتی نئو کاستا و مک‌کری، رضایت از زندگی داینر و هوش فرهنگی انگ و همکاران پاسخ دادند. داده‏های جمع‌آوری شده با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون با کمک نرم‌افزار 24SPSS- و با استفاده از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) به وسیله نرم‌افزار 8.8Lisrel  مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که مدل پژوهش از برازش مطلوبی برخوردار است. نتایج حاصل از بررسی نقش میانجی‌گری هوش فرهنگی نیز نشان داد که این متغیر نقش میانجی معنی‌داری در رابطه بین ویژگی‌‌های شخصیتی با رضایت از زندگی دارد (01/0>P). با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش برگزاری کارگاه‌های آموزشی با هدف آگاه‌سازی نقش ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و هوش فرهنگی در جهت بهبود رضایت از زندگی سالمندان پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Life Satisfaction in the Elderly: The Mediating Role of Cultural Intelligence

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Hashemi 1
  • Sanaz Eyni 2
  • Arash Yavari 3
1 Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
2 Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Marand, Marand, Iran
چکیده [English]

Population aging is a pervasive social and demographic challenge and issue in developing countries, including Iran, in the near future. Several Social, psychological and behavioral factors can be related to the life satisfaction of the elderly. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between personality traits and life satisfaction in the elderly with the mediating role of cultural intelligence. This was a descriptive-correlation study of structural equations modeling (SEM) type. The statistical population studied in this research included all the elderly living in Bonab, Iran in 2021, among whom 200 people (100 men and 100 women) were selected using convenience sampling method. Participants responsed to Costa and McCrae’s Neo personality traits, Diener’s life satisfaction and Ang et al.’s cultural intelligence. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient in SPSS-24 software, and SEM in LISREL 8.8 software. The results of SEM revealed that the research model has a good fit. The results of the mediating role of cultural intelligence also indicated that this variable serve a significant mediating role in the relationship between personality traits and life satisfaction (P<0.01). According to the result of the current study, it is suggested to hold educational workshops with the aim of raising awareness of the role of personality traits and cultural intelligence in order to improve the life satisfaction of the elderly.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • personality traits
  • life satisfaction
  • cultural intelligence
  • elderly
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