اثربخشی شدت‌های مختلف تمرین مقاومتی حاد بر حافظه کاری سالمندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

حافظه کاری و وظایف مرتبط با آن توسط قشر پیش­پیشانی، قشر پیشانی و عقده‌های قاعده‌ای مغز کنترل می‌شوند که با افزایش سن طی فرایند طبیعی پیری عملکرد این بخش‌ها کاهش می‌یابد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر تمرین مقاومتی حاد با شدت‌های خفیف تا متوسط بر حافظه کاری سالمندان بود. 40 سالمند به‌ صورت هدفمند انتخاب‌ و به ‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل طبقه‌بندی شدند. حافظه کاری توسط وظیفه استرنبرگ طی سه مرحله قبل، 15 دقیقه و 180 دقیقه بعد از برنامه تمرینی قدرتی با شدت‌های خفیف (40% RM10) و متوسط (70% RM10) برای گروه تجربی ارزیابی شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که تمرین مقاومتی (شدت متوسط و خفیف) حاد تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی زمان پاسخ و صحت پاسخ آزمون استرنبرگ در سالمندان دارد. علاوه بر این نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که جنسیت و شدت تمرین تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی تأثیر تمرین مقاومتی (شدت متوسط و خفیف) بر حافظه کار ندارد، در حالی‌ که زمان اجرای آزمون استرنبرگ بعد از تمرین مقاومتی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر نتایج آزمون دارد. بنابراین، شدت­های متوسط و خفیف تمرین مقاومتی حاد می­تواند باعث بهبود حافظه کاری زنان و مردان سالمندان شود. یافته­های این پژوهش ضرورت کاربرد تمرینات قدرتی حاد را در راستای بهبود حافظه کاری زنان و مردان سالمندان خاطر نشان می­سازد. استفاده از این روش به عنوان مداخله­ای اثرگذار برای این افراد پیشنهاد می­شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Different Intensities of Acute Resistance Exercise on Working Memory of the Elderly

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Shabani 1
  • Ali Esmaeili 2
  • Zahra Salman 3
چکیده [English]

 
The working memory and related tasks are controlled by the prefrontal cortex, the cortex and the cerebral cortex, which functions decrease in the natural process of aging. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of acute resistance exercise with mild to moderate intensity on working memory of the elderly. 40 elderly people were selected using purposive sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The working memory for the experimental group was evaluated by Sternberg Task in three stages of before strength exercise, 15 minutes of strength exercise, and 180 minutes after the strength exercise program with mild (% 40-RM10) and moderate (70%-RM10) intensity. The results show that the acute resistance exercise (mild and moderate intensity) have a significant effect on the response time and the accuracy of the Sternberg Task in the elderly. In addition, the results show that gender and exercise intensity has no significant effect on the effectiveness of resistance training (moderate and mild intensity) on work memory, while conducting Sternberg Task after resistance exercise has a significant effect on the test results. Therefore, moderate and mild intensity of acute resistance exercise can improve the working memory of elderly men and women. The findings of this study indicate the necessity of using acute resistance exercise to improve the working memory of elderly men and women. The use of this method is suggested as an effective intervention for these individuals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resistance exercise
  • working memory
  • elderly
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