رابطه باورهای لذت‌بری و خوش‌بینی با شادکامی فاعلی در سالمندان: نقش میانجی رضایت از زندگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مشاوره، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران

2 گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر علاقه روزافزونی به بررسی تأثیر عواطف مثبت در بهبود سلامت افراد جامعه بویژه سالمندان پیدا شده است. افزایش هیجان‌های مثبت یکی از راهکارهای مناسب برای مقابله با پیامدهای تغییرات در سلامت (جسمی و روانی) سالمندان است. بنابراین این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه باورهای لذت‌بری و خوش‌بینی با شادکامی فاعلی در سالمندان از طریق نقش میانجی‌رضایت از زندگی انجام شد. روش پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه سالمندان ساکن شهرستان‌های شهرکرد و فارسان در سال 1399-1398 بودند که از بین آنها 200 نفر از طریق نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به پرسش‌نامه‌های شادکامی فاعلی لیوبومیرسکی و لپر، باورهای لذت‌بری بریانت، رضایت از زندگی داینر و همکاران و جهت‌گیری زندگی شــی‌یــر وکارور پاسخ دادند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم افزارهای 23SPSS و 23AMOS و روش‌های همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد. نتایج رابطه مثبت و معنادار بین خوش‌بینی، رضایت از زندگی و باورهای لذت‌بری با شادکامی فاعلی را نشان دادند (001/0P<). همچنین اثر غیرمستقیم باورهای لذت‌بری و خوش‌بینی از طریق رضایت از زندگی بر شادکامی فاعلی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت (05/0P<). بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود مشاوران و روان‌شناسان حیطه سالمند با بکارگیری تدابیری مثل مهارت‌های لذت‌بری و خوش‌بینی در جهت افزایش شادکامی فاعلی سالمندان در کارهای آموزشی و بالینی خویش با آنها گام بردارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship Between Savouring Beliefs, Optimism, and Subjective Happiness in the Elderly: The Mediating Role of Life Satisfaction

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zabihollah KavehFarsani 1
  • Manijeh Kaveh 1
  • Sepideh Ghodrati Jabloo 2
1 Department of Counseling, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran
2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the impact of positive emotions on improving the health of people in the community, especially that of the elderly. The increase of positive emotions seems to be one of suitable coping strategies to contend the effects of the changes in (physical and mental) health of the elderly. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was to evaluate the relationship of savouring beliefs and optimism with subjective happiness through the mediating role of life satisfaction. This was a descriptive study of correlational and structural equations modeling (SEM) type. The study population consisted of the elderly living in Shahrekord and Farsan in 2019-2020, among whom 200 were selected using convenience sampling method. Participants completed Lyubomirsky’s Subjective Happiness Scale, Bryant’s Savoring Beliefs Inventory, Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scheier and Carver’s Life Orientation Test. Utilized to analyze the data was the structural equation modeling in SPSS (version 24) and AMOS (version 24) software. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between optimism, life satisfaction and savouring beliefs with happiness (P<0.001). Besides, the indirect effect of savoring beliefs and optimism on happiness through life satisfaction was approved (P<0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that counselors and psychologists working in the field of geriatrics apply measures such as savouring beliefs and optimism in their educational and clinical activities in order to increase subjective happiness of the elderly.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Savouring beliefs
  • optimism
  • life satisfaction
  • happiness
  • elderly
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