اثربخشی تمرینات ورزش مغزی بر تعادل و کنترل بازداری رفتاری سالمندان دارای اختلال شناختی خفیف

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

افزایش سن باعث اختلالات جسمانی و شناختی سالمندان شده و با سلامتی آنها تداخل می‌کند. از جمله اختلالاتی که در حال حاضر توجه متخصصان را به خود جلب کرده است، اختلالات شناختی سالمندان است که از مشکلات شایع این دوران است. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تأثیر تمرینات ورزش مغزی بر تعادل و کنترل بازداری رفتاری سالمندان دارای اختلال شناختی بود. پژوهش حاضر نیمه تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش تمامی سالمندان دارای اختلال شناختی خفیف شهرستان ارومیه در سال 1399 بودند. نمونه پژوهش شامل 30 نفر سالمند 60 الی 80 سال (98/1±69/77) مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف بوده که بر اساس معیارهای ورود به پژوهش و به‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه 15 نفری آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. شرکت‌کنندگان آزمون برخاستن و حرکت کردن زماندار (TUG) ماتیاس و همکاران و آزمون برو نرو هافمن را برای ارزیابی تعادل پویا و کنترل بازداری رفتاری در پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون به طور مشابه هم انجام دادند.‌ گروه آزمایش طی سه جلسه 30 دقیقه‌ای در هفته، برای هشت هفته به اجرای تمرینات ورزش مغزی دنیسون و دنیسون پرداختند. داده‌ها از طریق آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس یکراهه  در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 24 تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که با کنترل نمرة پیش‌آزمون، بین نمرات آزمون برخاستن و حرکت کردن زماندار و کنترل بازداری رفتاری دو گروه تجربی و کنترل در پس آزمون تفاوت معنادار وجود دارد (001/0‌P=)‌. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش می‌توان پیشنهاد کرد با توجه به سهولت اجرای تمرینات ورزش مغزی، مربیان ورزشی و توانبخشی می‌توانند به منظور بهبود تعادل و کنترل بازداری رفتاری سالمندان دارای اختلال شناختی از آن استفاده کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of a Period of Brain Gym Exercises on the Balance and Inhibitory Control in the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mir Javad Mojarad Azar Gharabaghi
  • Jalal Dehghanizade
Department of Motor Behavior, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aging causes physical and cognitive impairment, which in turn, interfere with the aged people’s health. As a common complication in the elderly, cognitive impairment has attracted the attention of many specialists. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of a period of brain gym exercises on the balance and inhibitory control in the elderly with mild ‌cognitive impairment. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of all the elderly with mild cognitive impairment living in Urmia, Iran in 2020. The sample included 30 elderly with mild cognitive impairment, aged from 60 to 80 years (77.69±1.98‌), selected using convenience sampling method and according to the inclusion criteria, and assigned randomly into two groups of experimental and control with 15 members each. To evaluate the balance‌ ‌and inhibitory control in pre-test and post-test, participants were instructed to perform the Mathias et al.’s Timed Up and Go (TUG), and Hoffman’s Go/No Go‌ test. The experimental group were asked to perform three 30-minute sessions of Dennison and Dennison’s brain gym exercises a week for eight weeks. The data were analyzed using the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-24. The results indicated that after controlling of the pre-test scores, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of Timed Up and Go and inhibitory control ‌(P=0.001). Based on the findings of the current study, due to the ease of implementation of brain gym exercises, they can be used by sports and rehabilitation Coaches in order to improve the balance‌ and inhibitory ‌control of the elderly with ‌cognitive impairment‌.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Brain gym
  • balance
  • inhibitory control
  • elderly
  • mild cognitive impairment
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