تحمل پریشانی در سالمندان: نقش اجتناب تجربی، نشخوار فکری و ذهن‌آگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

تحمل پریشانی یکی از عواملی است که در دوران سالمندی می‌تواند تأثیر بسزایی بر سلامت روان و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان داشته باشد. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش اجتناب تجربی، نشخوار فکری و ذهن‌آگاهی در تحمل پریشانی در سالمندان استان اصفهان (شهرستان اصفهان و کاشان) انجام شد. روش این پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه سالمندان 60 تا 7۵ ساله مقیم سراهای سالمندان اصفهان و کاشان در سال 1399 بود که از این میان تعداد 380 نفر از آنان به صورت نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. جهت گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه­های تحمل پریشانی سیمونز و گاهر، پذیرش و عمل بوند و همکاران، سبک پاسخ‌دهی نشخواری نولن-هوکسما و مورو، و ذهن‌آگاهی بائر و همکاران استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های ضریب همبستگی و تحلیل رگرسیون خطی با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 22 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمون همبستگی نشان داد که میان تحمل پریشانی با اجتناب تجربی و نشخوار فکری رابطه منفی و با ذهن‌آگاهی رابطه مثبت معنادار وجود دارد (05/0P≤). همچنین نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون همزمان نشان داد که اجتناب تجربی (11/0-β=)، نشخوار فکری (45/0-β=) و ذهن‌آگاهی (11/0β=) می‌تواند تحمل پریشانی را در سالمندان پیش‌بینی کند. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر با ارتقا تحمل پریشانی از طریق آموزش مهارت‌های ذهن‌آگاهی و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای مناسب، می‌توان سالمندان را در برابر مشکلاتی از قبیل کاهش قوای جسمانی، بیماری، تنهایی و از کار افتادگی توانمند ساخت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Distress Tolerance in the Elderly: The Role of Experiential Avoidance, Rumination and Mindfulness

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fariborz Sedighi Arfaee 1
  • Alireza Rashidi 2
  • Reyhaneh Tabesh 1
1 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
2 Department of Counseling, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

Distress tolerance seems to be one of the factors that can have a significant impact on mental health and quality of life in the elderly. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of experiential avoidance, rumination and mindfulness in predicting distress tolerance in elderly of Isfahan province (Isfahan and Kashan). The method of the present study was correlational and the statistical population included all elderly people aged 60 to 75 years living in Isfahan and Kashan nursing homes in 2020, of which 380 were selected using convenience sampling. Used to collect data were Simmons and Gaher’s distress tolerance, Bond et al.’s acceptance and practice, Nolen-Hoxma and Moro’s ruminant response style and Bauer et al.’s mindfulness questionnaires. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis in SPSS software version 22. The results of correlation test showed that distress tolerance is negatively associated with experimental avoidance and rumination as well as positively associated with mindfulness (p≤0.05). Moreover, the results of enter regression analysis also showed that experimental avoidance (β=-0.11), rumination (β=-0.45) and mindfulness (β=0.11) can predict distress tolerance in the elderly. According to the results of the present study, promoting distress tolerance through the training of mindfulness skills and appropriate coping styles, we can empower the elderly against such problems as loss of physical strength, illness, loneliness and disability.

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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Distress tolerance
  • experimental avoidance
  • rumination
  • mindfulness
  • elderly
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