پیش‌بینی رضایت از زندگی سالمندان بر اساس سبک زندگی ارتقا‌دهنده سلامت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی عجب شیر

10.22126/jap.2020.5626.1455

چکیده

سالمندی که مقطع سنی بالاتر از ۶۵ سال اشاره دارد، دوران مهمی از زندگی است. امروزه به دلیل بالا رفتن امید به زندگی و کاهش میزان زاد و ولد در کشورهای توسعه‌یافته و در حال‌ توسعه، پدیده ســالمندی بیش ‌از پیش مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف پیش‌بینی رضایت از زندگی سالمندان بر اساس سبک زندگی ارتقادهنده سلامت صورت گرفت. روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه‌ سالمندان 60 تا 75 سال مراجعه کننده به مراکز نگهداری سالمندان شهر تبریز در سال 1399 بود. نمونه آماری در این پژوهش 183 نفر بود که بصورت روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس انتخاب گردید. برای جمع­آوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه سبک زندگی ارتقادهنده سلامت و پرسشنامه رضایت از زندگی استفاده شده است. تجزیه‌ و تحلیل اطلاعات با استفاده از تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه مدل گام‌به‌گام صورت گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بین همه مؤلفه‌های سبک زندگی ارتقادهنده سلامت و رضایت از زندگی در سالمندان رابطه معنی‌دار وجود دارد و متغیرهای پیش‌بین ۳۴ درصد از واریانس رضایت از زندگی سالمندان را تبیین می‌کنند. به ترتیب، متغیرهای فعالیت جسمی (۳۴۴/۰β=)، رشد معنوی (۱۸۷/۰β=)، روابط بین‌فردی (۱۶۱/۰β=) و مسئولیت‌پذیری سلامتی (۱۳۳/۰β=) می‌توانند رضایت از زندگی را در سالمندان به صورت مثبت پیش‌بینی کنند. بنابراین با تکیه بر یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر، به نظر می‌رسد بتوان با بهره‌گیری از آموزش سبک زندگی ارتقا‌دهنده سلامت بویژه در مؤلفه‌های فعالیت جسمی، رشد معنوی، روابط بین‌فردی و مسئولیت‌پذیری جهت افزایش رضایت از زندگی در سالمندان اقدام نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Prediction of the Elderly’s Life Satisfaction Based on Health-Promoting Lifestyle

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossin Vahedi Kojnagh 1
  • Ali Afshari 2
  • Rasul Rezaei Malajagh 1
  • Ali Eghbali 1
  • Maryam Taheri 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
3 M.A. in Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Ajabshir
چکیده [English]

Elderly, which refers to the age group above 65 years, appears to be a substantial period of life. Nowadays, due to the increase of life expectancy and the decrease of birth rates in developed and developing countries, the phenomenon of elderly has been attracting attention more than ever. Consequently, the aim of this study was to predict the elderly’s life satisfaction based on the health-promoting lifestyle. The method of the present study was of correlational type. The statistical population included all the elderly people aged 60 to 75 years referring to the elderly care centers in Tabriz, Iran in 2020. The statistical sample included 183 people selected using convenience sampling method. Used to collect data were Health-Promoting lifestyle and life satisfaction questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis of stepwise model. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between all factors of the health-promoting lifestyle and life satisfaction in the elderly and the predictor variables explain 34% of the variance of elderly’s life satisfaction. Physical activity (β=0.344), spiritual growth (β=0.187), interpersonal relationships (β=0.161) and health responsibility (β=0.133) can predict the elderly’s life satisfaction in a positive way, respectively. Therefore, based on the findings, it seems that taking advantages of teaching of health-promoting lifestyle, specifically the components of physical activity and spiritual growth, we can improve the elderly’s life satisfaction. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health- promoting lifestyle
  • life satisfaction
  • elderly
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