اثربخشی توانبخشی راهبردهای شناختی - فراشناختی بر عملکردهای لوب پیشانی پشتی جانبی در سالمندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه روانشناسی ، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

تغییر شناختی به‌عنوان یک‌روند عادی پیری به‌خوبی در ادبیات علمی اثبات‌شده است. برخی از توانایی‎های شناختی همانند استدلال، حافظه و سرعت پردازش اطلاعات به‌تدریج و به‌مرور‎ زمان دچار کاهش می‌شوند. پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی اثربخشی توانبخشی راهبردهای شناختی-فراشناختی بر عملکردهای لوب پیشانی پشتی جانبی در سالمندان انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر نیمه آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری مورد پژوهش تمامی افراد سالمند مرد ساکن در مرکز سالمندان میلاد بوکان در سال 1398 بودند. از بین این افراد 30 سالمند (دو گروه 15 نفری) به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس و بر اساس معیارهای ورود به مطالعه انتخاب و به روش تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل جایگزین شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل آزمون‌های استروپوعملکرد پیوسته بودند. داده‌های به ‌دست ‌آمده از طریق آزمون کوواریانس تک متغیری با رعایت پیش‌فرض‌های آن تجزیه ‌و تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان دادند که توانبخشی راهبردهای شناختی-فراشناختی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر عملکردهای لوب پیشانی پشتی جانبی سالمندان دارند (001/0>P). نتایج به‌ دست ‌آمده همچنین نشان داد که روش توانبخشی راهبردهای شناختی-فراشناختی می‌تواند موجب بهبود عملکردهای لوب پیشانی پشتی جانبی از جمله سرعت پردازش اطلاعات و تداوم توجه شود و پیشنهاد می‌شود از روش‌ توانبخشی راهبردهای شناختی-فراشناختی در جهت بهبود و ارتقای کارکردهای شناختی سالمندان استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation of Cognitive-Metacognitive Strategies on Dorsolateral Frontal Lobe Functions in Elderly

نویسندگان [English]

  • mansour mahmoudiaghdam 1
  • Esmaeil Soleymani 2
  • Ali Isazadegan 2
1 Department of Psychology,Faculty of Literature and Humanities, urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Department of Psychology,Faculty of Literature and Humanities, urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cognitive change as a normal process of aging has been well documented in the scientific literature. Some cognitive abilities, such as reasoning, memory, and processing speed, gradually decline over time. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitation of cognitive-metacognitive strategies on the functions of the dorsolateral frontal lobe in elderly. it was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest with control group. The statistical population of the study included all elderly men living in Bukan nursing homes in 2019. Among these people, 30 elderlies (two groups of 15) were selected through convenience sampling method and based on inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The required data were collected using Stroop and continuous performance tests. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) with respect to its assumptions. The findings showed that rehabilitation of cognitive-metacognitive strategies had a significant and positive effect on the functions of the dorsolateral frontal lobe (P<0.001). The results of this study also reported that rehabilitation method of cognitive-metacognitive strategies can improve dorsolateral frontal lobe functions, including information processing speed and sustained attention and it is suggested that rehabilitation method of cognitive-metacognitive strategies be used to improve and enhance the cognitive functions of the elderly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognition and Metacognition
  • Dorsolateral frontal Lobe
  • Elderly
                                                             منابع
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