اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر کاهش استرس ادراک‌شده سالمندان مبتلا به درد مزمن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مشاوره و روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قوچان، ایران

2 گروه مشاوره و روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قوچان، ایران

چکیده

یکی از بیمارهای مزمن همراه با سالمندی درد مزمن است. این نوع درد سبب ایجاد استرس در سالمندان می‌شود. پژوهشگران به دنبال درمان این استرس با روش­ های غیر دارویی هستند. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر‌بخشی رویکرد درمانی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بصورت گروهی بر کاهش استرس ادراک‌ شده سالمندان مبتلا به درد مزمن بود. این پژوهش نیمه ­آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه پژوهش را کلیه سالمندان مبتلا به درد مزمن شهر مشهد در سال 1396 تشکیل می‌دادند. نمونه آماری شامل 24 نفر بود که با استفاده از نمونه­ گیری در دسترس و بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه 12 نفر) جایگزین شدند. به منظور سنجش استرس ­ادراک‌شده از مقیاس استرس­ ادراک ­شده کوهن و جهت اندازه­ گیری درد مزمن از پرسشنامه دردهای مزمن ملزاک و مک­گیل استفاده شد. گروه آزمایش تحت درمان گروهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد طی 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه ­ای قرار گرفت و گروه کنترل، هیچ­گونه مداخله درمانی دریافت نکرد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس تک­ متغیره استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد نمرات استرس ادراک‌ شده گروه آزمایش به طور معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل کاهش (05/0P<) یافته است. بنابراین درمان گروهی مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد در کاهش استرس ادراک‌شده مؤثر بوده است. یافته­ های این پژوهش ضرورت استفاده از درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد را برای کاهش استرس ادراک‌شده سالمندان خاطر نشان می­سازد، بنابراین پیشنهاد می­شود در ارائه خدمات روان­شناختی برای سالمندان از درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on the Reduction of Perceived Stress in the Elderly Afflicted by Chronic Pain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossien Hadi toroghi 1
  • Shahed Masoudi 2
1 Department of Counseling and Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Human Science, Islamic Azad University, Quchan,iran
2 Department of Counseling and Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Human Science, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, iran
چکیده [English]

Chronic pain seems to be one of the chronic diseases associated with the elderly which causes stress in the elderly. Researchers are looking to treat this stress through non-pharmacological methods. Therefore, the present research­ aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the reduction of perceived stress in the elderly afflicted with chronic pain. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population included all the elderly with chronic pain living in Mashhad during 2017. For this aim, 24 of the elderly were chosen through a convenience sampling method along with inclusion criteria and placed randomly into two groups of experimental and control (with 12 members). Research tools consisted of the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Acceptance and commitment therapy was administered to the experiment group in eight 90-minute sessions, while the control grope received no intervention at the same time. Research data were analyzed using the univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results indicated the reduction of scores of perceived stress in the experimental group in comparison to that of the control group (P<0.05). Thus, acceptance and commitment therapy appears to be effective in the reduction of perceived stress in the elderly afflicted with chronic pain. The findings demonstrate the necessity of using acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce perceived stress in the elderly. Therefore, acceptance and commitment therapy is suggested to be used to provide psychological services for the elderly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acceptance and commitment therapy perceived stress
  • elderly
  • Chronic pain
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