دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Relationship Between Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Coronavirus Anxiety in the Elderly: The Mediating Role of Distress Tolerance
رابطه تنظیم شناختی هیجان و اضطراب بیماری کرونا در سالمندان: نقش میانجی تحمل پریشانی
330
317
1914
10.22126/jap.2021.6705.1550
FA
بهرام
ملکی
گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، کردستان، ایران
0000-0002-8092-6350
Journal Article
2021
08
22
The spread of Coronavirus seems to be an important challenge for health care systems in Iran. Cognitive emotion regulation and distress tolerance are thought to be the variables that can have a significant impact on mental health and quality of life in the elderly during the outbreak of coronavirus. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of distress tolerance in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and Corona disease anxiety (CDA) in the elderly. The research method was correlational, of path analysis type. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Sanandaj, Iran in 2021, among whom 300 were selected using convenience sampling method. Data were collected using Alipour et al.’s CDA Scale, Garnefski & Kraaij’s Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Simons & Gaher’s Distress Tolerance Questionnaire, and were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation method and path analysis in Amos software. The results demonstrated that the model fits the research data. According to the results, the path of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies to CDA was mediated by distress tolerance (β=-0.17, P<0.05) and the path of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies to CDA was mediated by distress tolerance (β=0.25, P<0.01) significantly. According to the results of the current research, it can be said that targeting the three components of positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation as well as distress tolerance in relation to treatments and psychological services can be effective for the elderly during the spread of coronavirus.<br /><strong>References</strong><br />Alavi, Kh., Modarres Gharavi, M., Amin-Yazdi, SA., & Salehi Fadardi, J. (2011). 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شیوع بیماری کرونا یک چالش مهم برای دستگاههای مراقبت بهداشتی در ایران است. تنظیم شناختی هیجان و تحمل پریشانی ازجمله متغیرهایی هستند که میتوانند تأثیر بسزایی بر سلامت روان و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان در دوران شیوع بیماری کرونا داشته باشند. پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی نقش میانجی تحمل پریشانی در رابطه بین تنظیم شناختی هیجان و اضطراب بیماری کرونا در سالمندان اجرا شد. روش پژوهش همبستگی و از نوع تحلیل مسیر بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیۀ سالمندان مقیم شهر سنندج در سال 1400 بود که از بین آنها 300 نفر به روش نمونهگیری دردسترس انتخاب شد. دادهها با استفاده از پرسشنامههای اضطراب بیماری کرونا علیپور و همکاران، تنظیم شناختی هیجان گارنفسکی و کرایج و تحمل پریشانی سیمونز و گاهر جمعآوری شدند و در نرمافزار Amos و با استفاده از روش همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل مسیر تحلیل شدند.<strong> </strong>نتایج نشان داد که مدل با دادههای پژوهش برازش دارد. با توجه به یافتهها، مسیر راهبردهای مثبت تنظیم شناختی هیجان با میانجیگری تحمل پریشانی (05/0>P<17/0-=β) به اضطراب بیماری کرونا و مسیر راهبردهای منفی تنظیم شناختی هیجان با میانجیگری تحمل پریشانی (01/0>P<25/0=β) به اضطراب بیماری کرونا معنیدار بود. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، میتوان گفت هدف قرار دادن سه مؤلفۀ تنظیم شناختی مثبت و منفی هیجان و تحمل پریشانی در ارتباط با درمانها و کمکهای روانشناختی برای سالمندان در دوران شیوع بیماری کرونا میتواند مؤثر باشد.
https://jap.razi.ac.ir/article_1914_8dad920d6290c29d9d8babba21163482.pdf
دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Relationship Between Emotional Schema and Pain Perception in the Elderly: The Mediation Role of Emotional Regulation
رابطه طرحوارههای هیجانی با ادراک درد در سالمندان: نقش میانجی نظم بخشی هیجانی
343
331
1913
10.22126/jap.2021.6351.1525
FA
مصطفی
خانزاده
گروه روانشناسی، مؤسسه آموزش عالی غیردولتی-غیرانتفاعی فیضالاسلام، خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ایران
0000-0002-2176-8321
سجاد
امینی منش
گروه روانشناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران
0000-0003-0798-3065
مهدی
طاهری
گروه روانشناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی تابران، مشهد، ایران
0000-0003-0798-3065
سمیه
آقامحمدی
گروه روانشناسی، مؤسسه آموزش عالی غیردولتی-غیرانتفاعی فیضالاسلام، خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ایران
0000-0002-7233-8858
Journal Article
2021
05
01
According to the ever-increasing trend of the elderly population in Iran, addressing issues related to this group of the society appears to be of great importance. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was to consider the mediating role of emotional regulation in the relationship between emotional schema and pain perception in the elderly. The statistical population of the current study included all the elderly members of the centers for aging in Shiraz, Iran, among whom 251 (104 male, 147 female) who suffer from pain at least in one area of their body, were selected using convenience sampling. Data were gathered using Leahy’s Emotional Schema Scale (LESS), Gratz and Roemer’s Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) as well as the McGill’s Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and were analyzed by Structural Equations Modeling in SPSS-24 and LISREL- 10.20 software. The results of Structural Equations Modeling indicated that the extracted model has a good fit with the empirical data. Moreover, results revealed that using limited emotional regulation strategies is able to mediating the relationship between emotional schemas of consensus, rumination, expression and numbness with pain perception in the elderly. Therefore, according to the role that emotional schemas and difficulties in emotional regulation can paly in predicting the pain perception in elderly, paying attention to these factors in preparing education and therapeutic intervention seems crucial.<br /><strong>Rrferences</strong><br />Adriany, K., Cendoroglo, M., & Santos, F. (2017). Anxiety disorder in elderly persons with chronic pain: Frequency and associations. <em>Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, 20</em>, 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562017020.160033<br />Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). 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با توجه به روند رو به رشد جمعیت سالمندان در ایران، پرداختن به مسائل مربوط به این بخش از جامعه دارای اهمیت بالایی است. در همین راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش میانجی نظم بخشی هیجانی در رابطه بین طرحوارههای هیجانی و ادراک درد در سالمندان انجام شد. طرح پژوهش حاضر همبستگی از نوع مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی سالمندان عضو در مراکز سالمندی شهر شیراز بود که با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری در دسترس، تعداد 251 (104 مرد، 147 زن) نفر از آنها که حداقل در یک ناحیه از بدن خود درد داشتند به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. دادهها با استفاده از مقیاس طرحوارههای هیجانی لیهی، مقیاس مشکلات در نظمبخشی هیجانی گراتز و روئمر و پرسشنامه درد مکگیل گردآوری شد. دادهها با روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با بکارگیری نرمافزارهای آماری SPSS-24 و لیزرل 20/10 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج رگرسیون نشان داد که طرحوارههای هیجانی و مشکلات در نظم بخشی هیجانی قادر به پیشبینی ادراک درد در سالمندان هستند. نتایج مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری نیز نشان داد مدل استخراج شده با دادههای تجربی برازش مطلوبی دارد. نتایج بررسی میانجیگری نشان داد که مؤلفه استفاده از راهبردهای محدود نظم بخشی هیجانی قادر به میانجیگری ارتباط طرحوارههای هیجانی توافق، نشخوار ذهنی، ابراز احساسات و بیحسی هیجانی با ادراک درد در سالمندان است. با توجه به نقش طرحوارههای هیجانی و دشواری در نظمبخشی هیجانی در ادراک درد سالمندان، توجه به این عوامل در حوزه مداخلات آموزشی و درمانی ضروری به نظر میرسد.
https://jap.razi.ac.ir/article_1913_9f7cd336729ca8fd978d586ac79b9ff9.pdf
دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Effectiveness of Self-Healing Education on the Quality of Life in the Elderly
اثربخشی آموزش خودشفابخشی بر کیفیت زندگی سالمندان
359
345
1969
10.22126/jap.2022.6911.1561
FA
لاله
جنگی جهانتیغ
گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، اصفهان، ایران
0000-0001-8643-988X
زهره
لطیفی
گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، اصفهان، ایران
0000-0001-7391-7707
محمد
سلطانی زاده
گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، اصفهان، ایران
0000-0001-5329-6544
Journal Article
2021
09
08
The successful elderly seems to be one of the main concepts in gerontology. The elderly is a biological process experienced by all living beings, including humans. The quality of life may affect the elderly’s health. Accordingly, the current study was to determine the effectiveness of self-healing training on the quality of life among the elderly in 2020. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population included all women living in a nursing homes in Isfahan, Iran, among whom 40 were selected using convenience sampling and according to the inclusion criteria, by a public call in the mentioned boarding nursing homes, and assigned randomely into two groups (20 members each). The measure applied in the present study was <em>Ware and Sherbourne’s</em> quality of life questionnaire. Latifi and Marvi’s self-healing training was performed for the experimental group during twelve 60-minute sessions. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) by using SPSS-24 software. The results demonstrated that self-healing training had positive effects on the components of quality of life (including physical function, role limitation due to physical reasons, energy and vitality, emotional well-being, physical pain and general health) in the experimental group compared to the control group significantly in the post-test (p<0.05) and these effects had remained significantly constant in the follow-up phase (p<0.05). However, there was found no significant difference in the other components of quality of life (including limitation of role playing due to emotional reasons and social functioning), both in the posttest and follow-up stages (p>0.05). 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سالمندی موفق یکی از مفاهیم اصلی در پیریشناسی است. سالمندی فرایند زیستی است که تمام موجودات زنده از جمله انسانها آن را تجربه میکنند. کیفیت زندگی میتواند بر سلامت سالمندان اثر بگذارد. بر این اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی آموزش خودشفابخشی بر کیفیت زندگی سالمندان در سال ۱۳۹۹ انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر، نیمهآزمایشی با طرح پیشآزمون، پسآزمون و پیگیری، با گروه گواه بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل تمامی زنان مقیم آسایشگاه سالمندان شهر اصفهان بودند که طی فراخوان عمومی در آسایشگاه سالمندان شبانهروزی، تعداد 40 نفر از زنان سالمند از طریق نمونهگیری در دسترس و رعایت معیارهای ورود به مطالعه انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی ساده در دو گروه 20 نفری گمارش شدند. ابزار این پژوهش، پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی وار و شربورن بود. آموزش خودشفابخشی لطیفی و مروی به مدت 12 جلسه 60 دقیقهای بر روی گروه آزمایشی اجرا شد. دادهها از طریق تحلیل کوواریانس تکمتغیری و با استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS نسخه ۲۴ تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش خودشفابخشی مؤلفههای کیفیت زندگی (شامل عملکرد جسمانی، محدودیت ایفای نقش به دلایل جسمانی، انرژی و شادابی، بهزیستی هیجانی، درد بدنی و سلامت عمومی) را در شرکتکنندگان گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه گواه به طور معناداری در مرحله پسآزمون ارتقاء بخشیده است (05/0P<) و این اثرات به میزان قابل توجهی در مرحله پیگیری ثابت باقی ماندهاند (05/0P<). ولی در مابقی مؤلفههای کیفیت زندگی (شامل محدودیت ایفای نقش به دلایل هیجانی و عملکرد اجتماعی) تفاوت معناداری در مرحله پسآزمون و پیگیری یافت نشد (05/0P>). با توجه به نتایج پژوهش حاضر میتوان گفت رویکرد خودشفابخشی با کاهش استرس فیزیولوژیک از طریق روشهای درمان خاطرات سلولی مخرب، اصلاح سبک زندگی و آموزش فنون آرامسازی موجب بهبود کیفیت زندگی و افزایش سلامت عمومی سالمندان میشود.
https://jap.razi.ac.ir/article_1969_cabc15e09602697586309bbdb35514c4.pdf
دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Effectiveness of Group Reminiscence on Psychological Hardiness and Life Expectancy of The Elderly
اثربخشی خاطرهپردازی گروهی بر استحکام روانی و امید به زندگی سالمندان
375
361
1970
10.22126/jap.2022.6913.1560
FA
ماندانا
نیکنام
گروه روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خاتم، تهران، ایران
0000-0001-5431-2593
فاطمه
بشکار
گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد الکترونیک، تهران، ایران
0000-0002-5913-2433
Journal Article
2021
09
28
The growing trend of aging phenomenon poses the need to pay attention to the issues of the elderly as a social necessity. The decrease of the life expectancy and psychological hardiness can cause difficulties in the elderly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group reminiscence on psychological hardiness and life expectancy of the elderly in Tehran, Iran. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical papulation included all the elderly residing in nursing homes in Tehran among which Kahrizak nursing home was selected using convenience sampling method. Thirty elderly were selected according to the inclusion criteria of the study and assigned randomly into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group received eight 2-hour weekly sessions of reminiscence intervention and the control group remained on the waiting list. Cliff’s Mental Strength and Miller's life expectancy Questionnaires were applied to collect data. The results of Univariate Covariance Analysis (ANCOVA) indicated that the reminiscence has a significant effect on psychological Hardiness and its components including challenge, life control, self-confidence, interpersonal trust (P<0.05) and has no significant effect on commitment and emotional control components (P<0.05). Moreover, the significant effect of the intervention on life expectancy was confirmed (P<0.05). The findings of this study illustrate the effectiveness of group reminiscence intervention in the elderly. Therefore, it is recommended that psychologists and therapists take advantages of this method in order to improve the psychological problems of the elderly.<br /><strong>References</strong><br />Abdolazimi, M., & Niknam, M. (2019). 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روند رو به رشد پدیده سالمندی لزوم توجه به مسائل سالمندان را به عنوان یک ضرورت اجتماعی مطرح میسازد. کاهش امید به زندگی و عدم استحکام روانی میتواند باعث ایجاد مشکلات در سالمندان شود. بنابراین، هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین اثربخشی خاطرهپردازی گروهی بر استحکام روانی و امید به زندگی سالمندان شهر تهران بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیشآزمون-پسآزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری کلیه سالمندان مقیم سراهای شهر تهران بودند که به شیوه نمونهگیری دردسترس سرای کهریزک انتخاب شد. 30 سالمند با توجه به معیارهای ورود به مطالعه انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (15 نفر) و کنترل (15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. گروه آزمایش در 8 جلسه هفتگی 2 ساعتی مداخله خاطرهپردازی را دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل در لیست انتظار ماندند. پرسشنامههای استحکام روانی کلاف و امید به زندگی میلر برای جمعآوری دادهها استفاده شد. نتایج کواریانس تکمتغیری نشان دادکه تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه در استحکام روانی و امید به زندگی در مرحله پسآزمون وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس تکمتغیری در نرمافزار SPSS نسخه 21 نشان داد که خاطرهپردازی بر استحکام روانی و مؤلفههای آن شامل چالش، کنترل زندگی، اعتماد به تواناییهای خود، اعتماد بین فردی تأثیر معناداری دارد (05/0>P) و برمؤلفههای تعهد و کنترل هیجانی تأثیر معنادار ندارد (05/0<P)، همچنین تأثیر معنادار مداخله بر امید به زندگی تأیید شد (05/0>P). یافتههای این پژوهش کارآیی مداخله خاطرهپردازی گروهی را در مورد سالمندان نشان میدهد. بنابراین پیشنهاد میشود روانشناسان و درمانگران از این روش در راستای بهبود مشکلات روانشناختی سالمندان استفاده کنند.
https://jap.razi.ac.ir/article_1970_4610f40d8e7ca4460d48dfd5275fb178.pdf
دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Comparison of the Effectiveness of Humor Therapy and Cognitive Rehabilitation on Agitation and Apathy in the Elderly men with Mild Cognitive Impairment
مقایسه اثربخشی شوخطبعی درمانی و بازتوانی شناختی بر بیقراری و بیتفاوتی در مردان سالمند دچار اختلال شناختی خفیف
390
377
1971
10.22126/jap.2022.6745.1551
FA
زهرا
فریدونی ولاشجردی
گروه روانشناسی سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
0000-0002-6915-2104
شهنام
ابوالقاسمی
گروه روانشناسی سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
0000-0002-9883-4278
جواد
خلعتبری
گروه روانشناسی سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
0000-0001-6891-9214
مرتضی
ترخان
گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
0000-0002-8124-5063
Journal Article
2021
07
28
The elderly need proper medical and psychiatric care and attention. So, choosing an appropriate therapeutic method for their psychological care, especially in the elderly with cognitive impairment, will be effective in improving their psychological symptoms and health. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of humor therapy and cognitive rehabilitation on agitation and apathy in male elders with mild cognitive impairment. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all male elderly with mild cognitive impairment residing of nursing homes in Alborz province, Iran. At first, Kahrizak Charity Hospice was selected by purposeful sampling method, and then 51 elderly people were selected based on inclusion criteria, and assigned randomly into two experimental groups (humor and cognitive rehabilitation) and one control group. Cohen-Mansfield’s Agitation Inventory, Apathy’s Evaluation Scale and Montreal’s Cognitive Assessment-Basic were used to collect data. The two intervention groups received eight 90-minute sessions of Humor therapy based on the Mcghee’s 7 Humor Habits Program and Kelly and O’Sullivan’s Cognitive Rehabilitation, and the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The results of univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that humor therapy reduces agitation and apathy. Moreover, cognitive rehabilitation reduced agitation and apathy. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between humor therapy and cognitive rehabilitation in terms of reducing agitation and apathy. According to the effectiveness of humor therapy and cognitive rehabilitation in reducing agitation and apathy in this study, these interventions can be applied to improve psychological symptoms, personal functioning and interpersonal relationships in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment.<br /><strong>References</strong><br />American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th edition. Washington, DC: Atmerican Psychiatric Association;<br />Ang, Y.-S., Lockwood, P., Apps, M. A. J., Muhammed, K., & Husain, M. (2017). Distinct subtypes of apathy revealed by the apathy motivation index. <em>PLOS ONE, 12</em>(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169938<br />Brodaty, H., & Burns, K. (2012). Nonpharmacological management of apathy in dementia: A Systematic review. <em>The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20</em>(7), 549–564. https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e31822be242<br />Brodaty, H., Low, L.-F., Liu, Z., Fletcher, J., Roast, J., Goodenough, B., & Chenoweth, L. (2014). Successful ingredients in the SMILE study: Resident, Staff, and Management Factors Influence the Effects of Humor Therapy in Residential Aged Care. <em>The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22</em>(12), 1427–1437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2013.08.005<br />Cicerone, K. D., Langenbahn, D. M., Braden, C., Malec, J. F., Kalmar, K., Fraas, M., Felicetti, T., Laatsch, L., Harley, J. P., Bergquist, T., Azulay, J., Cantor, J., Ashman, T. (2011). Evidence-Based cognitive rehabilitation: Updated review of the Literature from 2003 through 2008. <em>Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 92</em>(4), 519–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2010.11.015<br />Cohen-Mansfield, J. (1991). Instruction Manual for THE Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI). The Research Institute omf the Hebrew Home of Greater Washington: USA. https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/11662384/<br />Corrigan, J.D., Mysiw, W.J. (1988). Agitation following traumatic head injury: equivocal evidence for a discrete stage of cognitive recovery. <em>Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 69</em>(7), 487-492. PMID: 3389986<br />Flicker, C., Ferris, S. H., & Reisberg, B. (1991). Mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: Predictors of dementia. <em>Neurology, 41</em>(7), 1006–1006. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.41.7.1006<br />Gelkopf, M. (2011). The use of humor in serious mental illness: A Review. <em>Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine,</em> Article 342837. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep106<br />Giuli, C., Papa, R., Lattanzio, F., & Postacchini, D. (2016). The Effects of cognitive training for elderly: Results from my mind project. <em>Rejuvenation Research, 19</em>(6), 485–494. https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2015.1791<br />Gomez-Soria, L., Peralta-Marrupe, P., & Plo, F. (2020). Cognitive stimulation program in mild cognitive impairment: A Randomized controlled trial. <em>Dementia & Neuropsychologia. 14</em>(2), 110-117. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-02000<br />Goodenough, B., Low, L.-F., Casey, A.-N., Chenoweth, L., Fleming, R., Spitzer, P., Brodaty, H. (2012). Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of humor therapy in residential care: the Sydney Multisite Intervention of LaughterBosses and ElderClowns (SMILE). <em>International Psychogeriatrics, 24</em>(12), 2037–2044. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212000683<br />Griffiths Aw, Albertyn ChP, Burnley NL, Byron Creese B, Walwyn R, Holloway I, Safarikova J, Claire A Surr. (2020). Validation of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory Observational CMAI-O tool. <em>International Psychogeriatric Association.</em> 321, 75-85, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610219000279.<br />Holtzer, R., Tang, M.-X., Devanand, D. P., Albert, S. M., Wegesin, D. J., Marder, K., Bell, K., Albert, M., Brandt, J., & Stern, Y. (2003). Psychopathological features in Alzheimer’s Disease: Course and relationship with cognitive status<em>. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51</em>(7), 953–960. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.2003.51308.x<br />Jean, L., Bergeron, M.-È., Thivierge, S., & Simard, M. (2010). Cognitive intervention programs for individuals with mild cognitive impairment: Systematic review of the literature<em>. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18</em>(4), 281–296. https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181c37ce9<br />Kelly, M.E., & O’Sullivan, M. (2015). Strategies and techniques for cognitive rehabilitation: Manual for healthcare professionals working with individuals with cognitive impairment. <em>Department of Environment, Community and Local Government.</em> https;//alzheimer.ie/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/2015-Cognitive-Rehabilitation.pdf<br />Kolanowski, A., Litaker, M., Buettner, L., Moeller, J., & Costa Jr., P. T. (2011). A Randomized clinical trial of theory-based activities for the behavioral symptoms of dementia in nursing home residents. <em>Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59</em>(6), 1032–1041. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03449.x<br />Lanctôt, K. L., Agüera-Ortiz, L., Brodaty, H., Francis, P. T., Geda, Y. E., Ismail, Z., Marshall, G. A., Mortby, M. E., Onyike, Ch. U., Padal, P. R., Politis, A. M., Rosenberg, P. B., Siegel, E., Sultzer, D. L. Abraham, E. H. (2017). Apathy associated with neurocognitive disorders: Recent progress and future directions. <em>Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 13</em>(1), 84–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2016.05.008<br />Lázaro-Perlado, F. (2019). Apathy; A Conceptual review. <em>Current Psychiatry Reviews, 15</em>(2). 88-104. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573400515666190306150306<br />Le-Heron, C., Apps, M.A.J., Husain, M. (2018). The anatomy of apathy; A Neurocognitive framework for amotivated behaviour. <em>Neuropsychologia. 11</em>)8(; 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.003. Epub 2017 Jul 8.<br />Lindenmayer, J.P. (2000). The pathophysiology of agitation. <em>The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 61</em>Suppl. 14; 5–10. PMID: 11154018.<br />Low, L.-F., Goodenough, B., Fletcher, J., Xu, K., Casey, A.-N., Chenoweth, L., Fleming, R., Spitzer, P., Bell, J.-P., Brodaty, H. (2014). The Effects of humor therapy on nursing home residents measured using observational methods: The SMILE cluster randomized trial. <em>Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 15</em>(8), 564–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2014.03.017<br />Marin RS. (1990). Differential diagnosis and classification of apathy. <em>The American Journal of Psychiatry, 147</em>(1), 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.147.1.22<br />Marin RS. (1991). Apathy: a neuropsychiatric syndrome. <em>The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 3</em>(3), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.3.3.243<br />Marin, R.S., Biedrzycki, R.C., & Firinciogullari, S. (1991). Reliability and validity of the apathy evaluation scale<em>. Psychiatry Research, 382</em>, 143–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-17819190040-v<br />Marshall, G. A., Donovan, N. J., Lorius, N., Gidicsin, C. M., Maye, J., Pepin, L. C., Becker, J. A., Amariglio, R. E., Rentz, D. M., Sperling, R. A., Johnson, K. A. (2013). Apathy Is associated with increased Amyloid burden in mild cognitive impairment. <em>The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 25</em>(4), 302–307. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.12060156<br />Martin, R. A. (2001). Humor, laughter, and physical health: Methodological issues and research findings. <em>Psychological Bulletin, 127</em>(4), 504–519. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.4.504<br />McGhee, P. (2010). <em>Humor as survival training for a stressed-out world: The 7 humor habits program,</em> Bloomington, Indiana. https://www.amazon.com/Humor-Survival-Training-Stressed-Out-World/dp/1452021813<br />Montoya-Murillo, G., Ibarretxe-Bilbao, N., Peña, J., & Ojeda, N. (2019). Effects of cognitive rehabilitation on cognition, apathy, quality of life, and subjective complaints in the elderly: A Randomized controlled trial. <em>The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 28</em>(5), 518-529. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.10.011.<br />Nasreddine, Z. S., Phillips, N. A., Bédirian, V., Charbonneau, S., Whitehead, V., Collin, I., … Chertkow, H. (2005). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: A Brief Screening Tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment. <em>Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53</em>(4), 695–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x<br />Njomboro, P., Humphreys, G.W, Deb, S. (2014). Exploring social cognition in patients with apathy following acquired brain damage, <em>BMC Neurology. 14</em>(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-14-18<br />Pacciardi, B., Mauri, M., Cargioli, C., Belli, S., Cotugno, B., Di Paolo, L., & Pini, S. (2013). Issues in the management of acute agitation: How much current guidelines consider safety? <em>Frontiers in Psychiatry, 4</em>(26), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00026<br />Petersen, R.C. (2004). Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. <em>Journal of Internal Medicine, 256</em>(3), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x<br />Raimo, S., Trojano, L., Spitaleri, D., Petretta, V., Grossi, D., & Santangelo, G. (2014). Apathy in multiple sclerosis: A validation study of the apathy evaluation scale.<em> Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 347</em>(1-2), 295–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2014.10.027<br /> Rozzini, L., Costardi, D., Chilovi, B. V., Franzoni, S., Trabucchi, M., & Padovani, A. (2007). Efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in patients with mild cognitive impairment treated with cholinesterase inhibitors. <em>International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22</em>(4), 356–360. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.1681<br /> Sachdev, P. S., Lipnicki, D. M., Kochan, N. A., Crawford, J. D., Thalamuthu, A., Gavin Andrews, G., Brayne, C., Matthews, F.E., Stephan, C.M., Andrews, G. (2015). The Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in diverse geographical and ethnocultural regions: The COSMIC Collaboration<em>. PLOS ONE, 10</em>(11), 1-19. Article e0142388. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142388<br />Saleh, A. A., Alkholy, R. S. A. E. H. A., Khalaf, O. O., Sabry, N. A., Amer, H., El-Jaafary, S., & Khalil, M. A. E. F. (2018). Validation of montreal cognitive assessment-basic in a sample of elderly Egyptians with neurocognitive disorders. <em>Aging & Mental Health,</em> <em>23</em>(5), 551-557. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2018.1428936<br />Shibata M, Terasawa Y, Umeda S. (2014). Integration of cognitive and affective networks in humor comprehension. <em>Neuropsychologia, 65</em>(1):137-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.10.02<br />Skidmore, E.R., Dawson, D.R., Butters, M.A., Grattan, E.S., Juengst, S.B., Whyte, E.M., Begley, A., Holm, M.B., & Becker, J.T. (2014). 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سالمندان نیاز به توجه و مراقبت پزشکی و روانپزشکی مطلوب دارند، و انتخاب رویکرد مناسب درمانی برای مراقبتهای روانشناختی ایشان به ویژه در سالمندان دچار اختلال شناختی در بهبود علائم روانشناختی و سلامت آنها اثرگذار خواهد بود. بنابراین، هدف این پژوهش مقایسۀ اثربخشی شوخطبعی درمانی و بازتوانی شناختی بر بیقراری و بیتفاوتی مردان سالمند مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف بود. روش پژوهش نیمهآزمایشی با طرح پیشآزمون-پسآزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی سالمندان مرد دچار اختلال شناختی خفیف و مقیم سراهای سالمندی استان البرز بود. ابتدا آسایشگاه خیریه کهریزک بهروش نمونهگیری هدفمند انتخاب شد، سپس بر اساس ملاکهای ورود، 51 سالمند انتخاب و بهطور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی (شوخطبعی و بازتوانی شناختی) و یک گروه کنترل قرار گرفتند. سیاهه بیقراری کوهن-منسفیلد، مقیاس بیتفاوتی مارین و ارزیابی شناختی مونترال-پایه برای گردآوری دادهها استفاده شد. گروه مداخله شوخطبعی، مهارت شوخطبعی مکگی و گروه بازتوانی شناختی، راهبردها و فنون بازتوانی شناختی کلی و اوسالیوان را بهطور مجزا در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقهای دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل در این مدت هیچ مداخلهای دریافت نکرد. نتایج تحلیل کواریانس تک متغیری نشان داد مداخله شوخطبعی موجب کاهش بیقراری و بیتفاوتی شد. بازتوانی شناختی نیز موجب کاهش بیقراری و بیتفاوتی شد. همچنین شوخطبعی درمانی و بازتوانی شناختی تفاوت معناداری در کاهش بیقراری و بیتفاوتی نداشتند. بــا توجــه بــه اثــربخشی هر دو مداخله در کاهش بیقراری و بیتفاوتی در این پژوهش مــیتوان از این مداخلات برای بهبــود علائم روانشناختی، عملکرد فردی و روابــط بیــن فــردی سالمندان مبتلا به اختلال شناختی خفیف اســتفاده کرد.
https://jap.razi.ac.ir/article_1971_2ae7bc0dd5d93a241a6b4073e057e591.pdf
دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Relationship Attachment Styles with Self-Coherence and Generativity in the Elderly: The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs
رابطه سبکهای دلبستگی با انسجام خود و پدیدآورندگی در سالمندان: نقش میانجی نیازهای اساسی روانشناختی
405
391
1972
10.22126/jap.2022.7192.1581
FA
مهتاب
ربیعی
گروه روانشناسی. دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
0000-0003-4446-9110
رسول
روشن چسلی
گروه روانشناسی. دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
0000000271321982
محمد
غلامی فشارکی
گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
0000000305175718
Journal Article
2021
11
27
According to the ever-increasing number of the elderly in Iranian society, paying attention to improving the quality of life of this group is of particular importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment styles with self-coherence and generativity through the mediating role of the basic psychological needs in Iranian elderly. The research method was descriptive-correlational of path analysis type. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Tehran, Iran, among whom 170 were selected using convenience sampling method. The research instruments included the Loyola’s Creativity, Antonovsky's psychological coherence, Collins and Reed’s attachment styles, and the Desi and Ryan’s basic psychological needs questionnaires. The results showed that the hypothesized model has a good fit in the study sample. The results showed that secure attachment style has a positive relationship with all three needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness. Avoidant attachment style had a negative significant relationship with competence, and ambivalent attachment style had a negative significant relationship with the autonomy and competence needs as well as self-coherence. In addition, there was a positive significant relationship between the needs of autonomy and competence with generativity. Finally, the autonomy need plays a mediating role in the relationship between secure and ambivalent attachment styles with generativity, and the competence need plays a mediating role in the relationship between all three styles of attachment with generativity. Consequently, given the importance of attachment styles and basic psychological needs, psychologists can take a step forward to increase the quality of life of the elderly through relying on these two variables and trying to improve them in the elderly and performing interventions and treatments for them.<br /><strong>References</strong><br />Arabzadeh M. (2017). Relationship Between Basic Psychological Needs and Mental Vitality in the Elderly. <em>Salmand, Iranian Journal of Ageing, 12</em> (2),170-179. [persian].<br />Alipour A, Sharif N. (2012). Validity and reliability of the sense of coherence (SOC) questionnaire in university students. <em>Pejouhande, 17</em>(1), 50-56. [persian].<br />Arghabaei M, Solimanian A A, Mohammadipoor M, Ghalehnovy F. (2019). The role of attachment style in substance use tendency: Investigating the mediating role of sense of coherence<em>. Etiadpajohi, 13</em>(53), 97-118. [persian].<br />Bach, M. J. 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با توجه به روند افزایش شمار سالمندان در جامعه ایرانی، توجه به بهبود کیفیت زندگی این گروه از اهمیتی ویژه برخوردار است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطه سبکهای دلبستگی با انسجام خود و پدیدآورندگی با میانجیگری نیازهای اساسی روانشناختی در سالمندان ایرانی به انجام رسید. روش پژوهش، توصیفی-همبستگی مبتنی بر تحلیل مسیر بود. جامعه آماری مشتمل بر سالمندان شهر تهران بود و حجم نمونه برابر با 170 نفر بود که به روش دردسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش مشتمل بر پرسشنامههای پدیدآورندگی لویولا، انسجام روانی آنتونووسکی، سبکهای دلبستگی کولینز و رید و نیازهای بنیادین روانشناختی دسی و رایان بود. یافتهها نشان داد که مدل مفروض از برازش خوبی در نمونه مورد مطالعه برخوردار است. نتایج نشان داد سبک دلبستگی ایمن به طور مستقیم با هر سه نیاز استقلال، شایستگی و ارتباط، ارتباط مثبت معنادار، سبک دلبستگی اجتنابی با شایستگی و سبک دلبستگی دوسوگرا با نیاز استقلال و شایستگی و انسجام خود ارتباط منفی معنادار دارند. به علاوه بین نیازهای استقلال و شایستگی با پدیدآورندگی ارتباط مثبت معنادار وجود دارد. نهایتاً نیاز استقلال در روابط بین سبکهای دلبستگی ایمن و دوسوگرا با پدیدآورندگی و نیاز شایستگی در روابط بین هر سه سبک دلبستگی با پدیدآورندگی نقش میانجی ایفا میکنند. در نتیجه، با توجه به اهمیت سبکهای دلبستگی و نیازهای اساسی روانی، روانشناسان میتوانند با تکیه بر این دو متغیر و تلاش برای بهبود و اصلاح آنها در کودکان و انجام مداخلات و درمانها در جامعه سالمندان، گامی در جهت افزایش کیفیت این دوران بردارند.
https://jap.razi.ac.ir/article_1972_506b955ce0ad44601bf3acb37686a70e.pdf
دانشگاه رازی
روانشناسی پیری
2423-7647
7
4
2021
12
22
The Relationship Between Attachment Styles with Positive and Negative Affect in the Elderly: The Mediating Role of Reminiscence Styles
رابطه سبکهای دلبستگی و عواطف مثبت و منفی در سالمندان: نقش میانجی سبکهای خاطرهپردازی
422
407
1994
10.22126/jap.2022.7492.1606
FA
خدامراد
مومنی
گروه روانشناسی. دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
0000-0001-5129-2451
رزیتا
امانی
گروه روانشناسی. دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
0000-0002-4062-7997
پریسا
جانجانی
مرکز تحقیقات قلب و عروق، پژوهشکده سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران
0000-0002-7394-8447
محمدرضا
مجذوبی
گروه روان شناس رشد و بالینی طول عمر، دانشگاه زیگن، زیگن، آلمان
0000-0001-5499-431X
کیانا
هادیان همدانی
گروه روانشناسی رشد و بالینی طول عمر، دانشگاه زیگن، زیگن، آلمان
0000-0002-9403-6201
Journal Article
2021
10
23
The current study aims to investigate the relationship between attachment styles with positive and negative affect through the mediating role of reminiscence styles in the elderly. This was a correlational study of structural equations modeling (SEM) type. The statistical population included all the elderly aged at least 60 years living in Hamedan province, Iran, among whom 400 (210 men and 190 women) were selected using convenience sampling method. Participants filled out the Collins’s Adult Attachment Styles, Oxford Happiness, and Amani et al.’s Reminiscence Styles questionnaires. The results of SEM revealed that the hypothetical model of this study has a good fit in the study sample. As such, secure attachment style had a positive direct relationship with positive reminiscence (PR), and a negative direct relationship with negative reminiscence (NR). Avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles had only a positive direct relationship with NR. In addition, PR had a positive and negative direct relationship with positive and negative affect, respectively, and NR had a negative and positive direct relationship with positive and negative emotions, respectively. Secure attachment style also indicated an indirect relationship with positive and negative affect through both positive and NR. However, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles were indirectly related to positive and negative affect only through NR. The findings emphasize the significance of the development of internal working models based on the kind of parent-child’s reminiscences and narratives, and the lifelong effects of these models.<br /><strong>References</strong><br />Amani, R. (2016). Mother-infant attachment styles as a predictor of aggression. <em>Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health</em>, <em>4</em>(1), 506–512. https://doi.org/10.22038/JMRH.2016.6076<br />Amani, R., & Majzoobi, M. R. (2011). 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شواهد حاکی از آن است که میزان عواطف مثبت در سالمندی کاهش مییابد و از این رو، شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر عواطف سالمندان میتواند نقش مهمی در تهیه پروتکلهای درمانی برای این گروه سنی داشته باشد. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه سبکهای دلبستگی با عواطف مثبت و منفی از طریق نقش میانجی سبکهای خاطره پرازی در سالمندان انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر همبستگی از نوع تحلیل معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی سالمندان حداقل 60 سال استان همدان بود که از میان آنها به صورت در دسترس 400 (210 مرد و 190 زن) سالمند به عنوان نمونه پژوهشی انتخاب شدند. اعضای نمونه به پرسشنامههای سبکهای دلبستگی بزرگسالان کولینز و رید، عواطف مثبت و منفی واتسون و همکاران و سبک خاطرهپردازی سالمندان امانی و همکاران پاسخ دادند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که مدل مفروض این مطالعه از برازش مناسبی در نمونه مورد مطالعه برخوردار است. بدین ترتیب که سبک دلبستگی ایمن رابطه مستقیم مثبتی با خاطرهپردازی مثبت، و رابطه مستقیم منفی با خاطرهپردازی منفی دارد و سبک دلبستگی اجتنابی و دوسوگرا تنها رابطه مستقیم مثبتی با خاطرهپردازی منفی دارد. به علاوه، خاطرهپردازی مثبت به ترتیب رابطه مستقیم مثبت و منفی با عواطف مثبت و منفی داشت و خاطرهپردازی منفی به ترتیب رابطه مستقیم منفی و مثبتی با عواطف مثبت و منفی داشت. همچنین سبک دلبستگی ایمن، هم از طریق خاطرهپردازی مثبت و هم منفی، رابطه غیر مستقیمی با عواطف مثبت و منفی نشان داد. سبکهای دلبستگی اجتنابی و دوسوگرا تنها از طریق خاطرهپردازی منفی با عواطف مثبت و منفی رابطه غیر مستقیم داشتند. این نتایج بر اهمیت شکلگیری الگوهای کارکردی درونی بر اساس نوع خاطرهپردازی و روایتگری بین مراقب و کودک، و اثرات مادامالعمر این الگوها تأکید دارد.
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